Essential Oil Variability of Azorean Cryptomeria japonica Leaves under Different Distillation Methods, Part 2: Molluscicidal Activity and Brine Shrimp Lethality

This study reports on the in vivo molluscicidal activity and Artemia salina lethality of Azorean Cryptomeria japonica leaf (CJL) essential oils (EOs) obtained by hydrodistillation (HD) water-steam distillation (WSD) techniques, especially light recent focus use forestry wood industry residues a sustainable world economy. Molluscicidal was performed during several life stages Radix peregra immersion method, under laboratory conditions. A first screening through single-dose bioassay revealed that both EOs were highly active towards eggs, juveniles adult snails (ca. 100% mortality). Concentration- time-toxicity assays carried out only to determine lethal parameters (LC50;90 LT50;90). The LC50 values 33 62 µg/mL for EO–WSD EO–HD, respectively, after 48 h. LT50 required 21 h 16 continous exposure periods, while EO–HD slighty superior (21.8–25.6 h). Although not significant, also slightly more toxic against A. than (LC50 = 98 115 24 h, respectively). In conclusion, CJL EOs, which are rich α-pinene (mostly EO–WSD), have huge potential be used as safe raw materials development natural molluscicide products control responsible transmitting fascioliasis.